The process takes around 40 hours to produce a half kilogram of silk. Silk fibre is obtained at which of the following stage of its life cycle? Q5. [28], The Rajshahi Division of northern Bangladesh is the hub of the country's silk industry. Silk is considered to be a symbol of royalty, and, historically, silk was used primarily by the upper classes. In July 2007, archaeologists discovered intricately woven and dyed silk textiles in a tomb in Jiangxi province, dated to the Eastern Zhou dynasty roughly 2,500 years ago. Sea silk from certain large sea shells was also valued. To do this, skeins of silk thread are immersed in large tubs of hydrogen peroxide. Answer: Rope and doormats. [55] The entire production process of silk can be divided into several steps which are typically handled by different entities. Ans: a. Ropes b. Mats Q.6 Write about the process of getting yarn from the fibre. We get coir from coconut. the production of Eri silk in Assam. d. Silk; Explanation. true or false Get the answers you need, now! Ans: Jute is obtained from stem and cotton is obtained from cotton bolls which are directly from surface of cotton seeds. Most regions of Thailand have their own typical silks. [17] Although historians have suspected a long history of a formative textile industry in ancient China, this find of silk textiles employing "complicated techniques" of weaving and dyeing provides direct evidence for silks dating before the Mawangdui-discovery and other silks dating to the Han dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD).[17]. The fruits of this tree contain fibres. Silk fibre is obtained at which of the following stage of its life cycle?a)b)c)d)Correct answer is option 'C'. There are three types of silk produced in the region: mulberry, endi and tassar. Among the most prominent of these was the cooperative utopian Northampton Association for Education and Industry, of which Sojourner Truth was a member. Protease XIV from Streptomyces griseus and α-chymotrypsin from bovine pancreases are the two popular enzymes for silk degradation. (g) Polyester is a natural fibre. "Clinical Effectiveness of a Silk Fabric in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis". It takes about 5000 silkworms to make a pure silk kimono. Another notable center was the Italian city-state of Lucca which largely financed itself through silk-production and silk-trading, beginning in the 12th century. 14) Sisal fibre: Sisal fibre refers to a natural fibre obtained from the Sisal plant. "[23], India is the second largest producer of silk in the world after China. These factors all contribute to the ability of the whole cocoon to be unravelled as one continuous thread, permitting a much stronger cloth to be woven from the silk. Explain the process of making yarn from fiber. The cocoons are then unwrapped to get silk fibre, which is then woven into fabric. There are several reasons for this: first, they differ from the domesticated varieties in colour and texture and are therefore less uniform; second, cocoons gathered in the wild have usually had the pupa emerge from them before being discovered so the silk thread that makes up the cocoon has been torn into shorter lengths; and third, many wild cocoons are covered in a mineral layer that prevents attempts to reel from them long strands of silk. Thai silk textiles often use complicated patterns in various colours and styles. "Silk Weaving in Ancient China: From Geometric Figures to Patterns of Pictorial Likeness.". The high proportion (50%) of glycine allows tight packing. The resulting material is reportedly twice as stiff as silk.[67]. A straw frame is placed over the tray of caterpillars, and each caterpillar begins spinning a cocoon by moving its head in a pattern. Many local operations use a reeling machine for this task, but some silk threads are still hand-reeled. Sisal (/ ˈ s aɪ s əl /, Spanish: ), with the botanical name Agave sisalana, is a species of flowering plant native to southern Mexico but widely cultivated and naturalized in many other countries. Question bank for Class 7. The Silk Exchange in Valencia from the 15th century—where previously in 1348 also perxal (percale) was traded as some kind of silk—illustrates the power and wealth of one of the great Mediterranean mercantile cities. [12][16], Legend gives credit for developing silk to a Chinese empress, Leizu (Hsi-Ling-Shih, Lei-Tzu). It has a good moisture regain of 11%. Silk emitted by the silkworm consists of two main proteins, sericin and fibroin, fibroin being the structural center of the silk, and serecin being the sticky material surrounding it. Why are plant fibres losing their importance? The two other known works on silk from the Han period are lost. Answer: Cotton is obtained from fruits of cotton plant and jute is obtained from stem of the jute plant. Correct answer is option 'C'. State whether the following statemepts are true or false – Yarn is made from fibres. Coir, seed-hair fibre obtained from the outer shell, or husk, of the coconut, the fruit of Cocos nucifera, a tropical plant of the Arecaceae family. Usually, the fibre is creamy white in color and is silky to the touch after processing is done on it. [48][52] Other efforts later in the 19th century would also bring the new silk industry to Paterson, New Jersey, with several firms hiring European-born textile workers and granting it the nickname "Silk City" as another major center of production in the United States. (c) Weaving is a process of arranging two sets of yarns together. [50] Following the destructive Mill River Flood of 1874, one manufacturer, William Skinner, relocated his mill from Williamsburg to the then-new city of Holyoke. (D) True (E) True (F) False : Silk fibre is obtained from silkworm (animal). Silkworm silk was used as the standard for the denier, a measurement of linear density in fibers. The coarse, stiff, reddish brown fibre is made up of smaller threads, each about 0.01 to 0.04 inch (0.03 to 0.1 centimetre) long and 12 to 24 microns (a micron is about 0.00004 inch) in diameter, composed of lignin , a woody plant substance, and cellulose . The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in … Plant fibres are obtained from _____and_____. Silk's absorbency makes it comfortable to wear in warm weather and while active. Bast fibre, soft, woody fibre obtained from stems of dicotyledonous plants (flowering plants with net-veined leaves) and used for textiles and cordage. EduRev is a knowledge-sharing community that depends on everyone being able to pitch in when they know something. Silk fibres are obtained from silkworms. [29], The 7th century CE murals of Afrasiyab in Samarkand, Sogdiana, show a Chinese Embassy carrying silk and a string of silkworm cocoons to the local Sogdian ruler.[30]. Strike out the one which is a fibre obtained from animal. Fibres are obtained from the stem of two species, i.e., C. capsularis and C. olitorius. Name two items that are made from the coconut fibre. agree to the. Bengal was the leading exporter of silk between the 16th and 19th centuries. Once the worms start pupating in their cocoons, these are dissolved in boiling water in order for individual long fibres to be extracted and fed into the spinning reel. 2. The silk farmers then heat the cocoons to kill them, leaving some to metamorphose into moths to breed the next generation of caterpillars. Which fibre yielding plant should be grown in a field having black soil and warm climate? Flax is also a plant that gives natural fibres. Q 3. Hemp fibre is obtained from the stems of hemp plant. In Vietnamese legend, silk appeared in the first millennium AD and is still being woven today. THE JUTE IS MADE TO ROT IN WATER AND THE FIBRE IS REMOVED FROM THE WASTE BY THE PROCESS OF STREPPING AND RETTING . Silk fibre is obtained from silk worms. A life cycle assessment of Indian silk production shows that the production process has a large carbon and water footprint, mainly due to the fact that it is an animal-derived fiber and more inputs such as fertilizer and water are needed per unit of fiber produced. Hill (2009). [82] Thus, appropriate degumming and sterilization will assure the biocompatibility of silk fibroin, which is further validated by in vivo experiments on rats and pigs. [94], Fine, lustrous, natural fiber produced by the larvae of various silk moths, especially the species Bombyx mori, This article is about an animal fiber and the textile woven from it. Jute fibre is. Question 8: Name wool-yielding animals other than sheep. It is obtained from the stems of jute plants (Corchorus). over here on EduRev! Silk use in fabric was first developed in ancient China. The city was world-famous for its fine fabrication of silks, velvets, damasks and brocades.[35]. Legend has it that monks working for the emperor Justinian I smuggled silkworm eggs to Constantinople in hollow canes from China. [58] Other statistics:[59], Production in Int $1000 have been calculated based on 1999–2001 international prices They do this by hand-reeling the threads onto a wooden spindle to produce a uniform strand of raw silk. After about 35 days and 4 moltings, the caterpillars are 10,000 times heavier than when hatched and are ready to begin spinning a cocoon. (c) Silk saree (d) Nylon scarf Solution: (a): Jute Bag. Although the lack of detailed characterization of silk fibers, such as the extent of the removal of sericin, the surface chemical properties of coating material, and the process used, make it difficult to determine the real immune response of silk fibers in literature, it is generally believed that sericin is the major cause of immune response. Write any two things got from coconut fibre. Biodegradability (also known as biodegradation)—the ability to be disintegrated by biological approaches, including bacteria, fungi, and cells—is another significant property of biomaterials today. It is a chief fibre-yielding annual shrub. obtained from the stem of the jute plant. community of Class 7. Answer: Cotton is obtained from the fruit of the cotton plant, and jute is obtained from the stem of the jute plant. Silk has a smooth, soft texture that is not slippery, unlike many synthetic fibers. The process of removing seed from cotton is called ginning. The cocoons are soaked and the silk is wound on spools. Wool, cotton, silk, jute. (g) Polyester is a natural fibre. [92], Since silk cultivation kills silkworms, possibly painfully,[93] People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) urges people not to buy silk items. Its elasticity is moderate to poor: if elongated even a small amount, it remains stretched. The silk of Catanzaro supplied almost all of Europe and was sold in a large market fair in the port of Reggio Calabria, to Spanish, Venetian, Genovese and Dutch merchants. 5. This is because glycine's R group is only a hydrogen and so is not as sterically constrained. [2] Silk is mainly produced by the larvae of insects undergoing complete metamorphosis, but some insects, such as webspinners and raspy crickets, produce silk throughout their lives. Silk is described in a chapter of the Fan Shengzhi shu from the Western Han (202 BC – 9 AD). There has been some research into other types of silk, which differ at the molecular level. The silk fabric is soaked in extremely cold water and bleached before dyeing to remove the natural yellow coloring of Thai silk yarn. [40] These three towns remained the centre of the English silk throwing industry until silk throwing was replaced by silk waste spinning. These fibres are light and fluffy. There is a surviving calendar for silk production in an Eastern Han (25–220 AD) document. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. Thus, the removal of sericin is an essential step to assure biocompatibility in biomaterial applications of silk. Silk is obtained from silkworms. The word silk comes from Old English: sioloc, from Ancient Greek: σηρικός, romanized: sērikós, "silken", ultimately from an Asian source—compare Mandarin sī "silk", Manchurian sirghe, Mongolian sirkek.[4]. 4. The resulting solution is extruded through a small opening, causing the microfibrils to reassemble into a single fiber. Cotton and jute are examples of fibres obtained from plants. This process has also recently led to the introduction of specialist silk underclothing, which has been used for skin conditions including eczema. mention any two. Wild silks also tend to be more difficult to dye than silk from the cultivated silkworm. Eminent scholar and leading medieval translator of Jewish sources and books of the Bible into Arabic, Rabbi Saadia Gaon, translates this phrase explicitly as "crimson silk" – חריר קרמז حرير قرمز. Italy was the most important producer of silk during the Medieval age.